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B Cell Panel

A B cell panel, also known as a B-cell screen or B cell subset analysis, is a laboratory test that measures and analyzes B cells (B lymphocytes) in the blood. B cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. They are responsible for producing antibodies that help the body fight infections and diseases. The B cell panel is used to assess the quantity and function of B cells in the blood. It can provide valuable information for diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions, including B-cell leukemia, lymphoma, immunodeficiency disorders, and autoimmune diseases. The test helps healthcare professionals understand how B cells are functioning and whether there are any abnormalities in their numbers or activity. Different B cell panels may focus on specific aspects of B cell function, such as immunophenotyping, which identifies specific markers on B cells to characterize their subtype.

Babesiosis

Babesiosis is a disease you can catch from certain tick bites, caused by tiny parasites that infect your red blood cells. It's a bit like malaria because these parasites also live in red blood cells and can make you feel really sick. People with babesiosis often feel very tired, have fevers, chills, sweats, headaches, body aches, loss of appetite, nausea, or even get a rash. The disease is more common in certain parts of the United States, like the Northeast and upper Midwest, especially during the warmer months when ticks are more active. Most healthy people get better without any special treatment, but it can be more serious for older people, those with weak immune systems, or other health problems. If someone needs treatment, doctors usually give them a mix of antibiotics and medications that are similar to the ones used for malaria. It's important to try to avoid tick bites by using bug spray, wearing long sleeves and pants in wooded or grassy areas, and checking your skin for ticks after being outdoors to help prevent getting babesiosis.

Balance Hormone Profile (Dried Urine)

The Balance profile is Meridian Valley Lab's most popular dried urine profile. It provides a broad and in-depth evaluation of hormone balance, function and circadian cortisol pattern. This panel measures estrogens and clinically relevant estrogen metabolites, which allow for assessment of cancer risk factors and detoxification pathways. Pregnanediol assays progesterone activity in the body. DHEA, testosterone and their metabolites provide a detailed assessment of androgen function. Cortisol, cortisone, and their metabolites, combined with 4-point cortisol and cortisone curves, provide an industry-leading evaluation of adrenal health.

Bartonellosis

Bartonellosis is a group of infectious diseases caused by Bartonella bacteria, a genus of gram-negative organisms that infect both humans and animals. These infections are most commonly transmitted through cat scratches or bites and through insect vectors such as lice, fleas, or sandflies. One of the most common forms is Cat Scratch Disease, which typically develops after a scratch or bite from an infected cat. Symptoms often include swollen lymph nodes, low-grade fever, fatigue, and a small bump or blister at the site of injury. In most healthy individuals, symptoms are mild and temporary. Other forms of bartonellosis include Trench Fever, transmitted by body lice, which causes recurrent fever, headaches, and leg or bone pain, and Carrion’s disease, found mainly in parts of the Andes Mountains, which can lead to severe anemia, high fever, and systemic illness. Most Bartonella infections are self-limiting and resolve without treatment. However, in people with weakened immune systems, Bartonella can cause more serious complications and may require antibiotic therapy.

Bile Acids, Fractionated LCMS

The Bile Acids, Fractionated LC-MS test offered by Labcorp is a specialized diagnostic assay that utilizes liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to measure and profile various bile acids in a patient's biological sample, typically serum or plasma. This test is primarily used to assess liver function, diagnose cholestasis, and monitor metabolic disorders related to bile acid synthesis and transport. Key Features of the Test Advanced Analytical Technique: LC-MS provides high specificity and sensitivity, enabling the detection of both primary and secondary bile acids, as well as conjugated and unconjugated forms. Comprehensive Profiling: The test measures a broad spectrum of bile acids, including but not limited to cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid. Clinical Applications: Evaluation of cholestatic liver diseases such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Assessment of inborn errors of bile acid synthesis. Monitoring of patients undergoing bile acid sequestrant therapy.

BiomeFx

Discover BiomeFx: A Comprehensive Gut Microbiome Test by Microbiome Labs BiomeFx by Microbiome Labs is a cutting-edge stool test designed to deliver an in-depth analysis of the gut microbiome, empowering practitioners with actionable insights for improving overall health. This advanced diagnostic tool leverages state-of-the-art DNA sequencing technology to evaluate the balance of beneficial microbes and harmful pathogens, while uncovering their functional roles and potential health impacts. With BiomeFx, practitioners gain access to a unique, data-rich reporting system that reveals key functional aspects of the gut microbiome. The test evaluates 14 essential keystone species, 29+ pathogens, and provides insights into microbial cross-feeding dynamics and over 20 critical microbiome functions. It also identifies dysbiosis ratios and highlights imbalances in microbial metabolite production.

Blood Clotting / Coagulation Tests

What are blood clotting tests? Blood clotting tests, also called coagulation tests, measure how well the body forms blood clots to stop bleeding while preventing dangerous clots inside blood vessels. These tests evaluate clotting time, clotting factor activity, natural anticoagulant proteins, and markers of active clot formation. Common coagulation tests include Prothrombin Time (PT), International Normalized Ratio (INR), Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT/aPTT), D-dimer, fibrinogen, and thrombin time. Doctors use these tests to diagnose bleeding disorders, monitor blood thinner medications, detect blood clots, and evaluate conditions such as liver disease or antiphospholipid syndrome. Key Takeaways Blood clotting (coagulation) is the body's process of stopping bleeding by forming clots, regulated by platelets, clotting factors, and anticoagulant proteins. Coagulation tests measure how long blood takes to clot (PT, PTT, INR), clotting factor levels, and markers of active clotting such as D-dimer or thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT).

Blood Health

The Blood Health category brings together biomarkers that reflect the function and integrity of one of the body’s most vital systems. Blood biomarkers give important insights into oxygen transport, nutrient status, immune activity, inflammation, and clotting ability. Abnormal results may serve as an early warning sign of conditions such as anemia, infections, clotting disorders, autoimmune disease, or chronic illness. Key Areas of Blood Health Testing 1. Oxygen transport and red blood cell health Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Reticulocytes, and Ferritin help detect anemia, iron deficiency, or blood loss. Transferrin, TIBC, and Iron Saturation provide a deeper look at iron metabolism and storage. Specialized hemoglobin markers (Hemoglobin A, Hemoglobin F, Sickle Cell Screen) detect inherited blood disorders such as sickle cell disease or thalassemia. 2. Clotting and platelet function Platelet Count, Plateletcrit, and Immature Platelet Fraction assess clotting capacity and bleeding risk.

Blood Profile

What Is a Blood Profile? Your blood profile includes essential characteristics of your blood that are important for medical care, blood transfusions, and overall health records. Unlike many laboratory biomarkers—such as hemoglobin, glucose, or cholesterol—some blood profile markers do not change over time. Others may represent health events, such as blood donation, that occur at specific points in your life. Recording your blood profile helps ensure that critical information—like your blood type or Rh factor—is easily accessible when needed for medical care or emergencies. What Is Included in a Blood Profile? The Blood Profile category contains key information about your blood that may be important for transfusions, pregnancy, medical treatment, or blood donation history. Common entries in this category include: Blood Type (ABO) Your blood type describes the specific antigens present on your red blood cells. The four main ABO blood groups are: Type A Type B Type AB Type O Blood type determines which types of blood you can safely receive during a blood transfusion.

Blood Spot Thyroids

The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located just below the Adam's apple, playing a crucial role in regulating metabolism, energy, and overall hormonal balance. However, various factors, such as hormone imbalances, mineral deficiencies, and environmental pollutants, can disrupt thyroid function, leading to significant health issues. Thyroid Dysfunction is Often Under-Diagnosed According to the American Thyroid Association, up to 60% of people with thyroid disorders may be unaware of their condition. Thyroid problems disproportionately affect women, who are seven times more likely than men to experience thyroid dysfunction, with up to a one-in-five chance of developing issues, especially during perimenopause when hormone levels fluctuate. Thyroid dysfunction can manifest through a wide range of symptoms. Do any of these sound familiar?

Blood Spot Toxic & Essential Elements

What Is Dried Blood Spot (DBS) Testing? Dried Blood Spot (DBS) testing is a simple, convenient method for measuring essential and toxic elements using a small sample of whole blood collected on filter paper. It's an excellent alternative to traditional liquid blood draws and offers several advantages—especially when testing elements that are stored primarily inside red blood cells, such as lead, zinc, and magnesium. Why Use Whole Blood Instead of Serum? Most standard blood tests analyze serum (the clear liquid part of blood), but this isn’t always the best way to detect nutrient deficiencies—especially for minerals that are mostly found inside red blood cells. Zinc and Lead: These elements are concentrated in red blood cells, making whole blood testing (like DBS) more accurate than serum tests. Magnesium: Serum magnesium levels are tightly controlled by the body’s homeostasis, often staying "normal" even when your intracellular magnesium is low. DBS provides a better view of your true magnesium status.

Body Temperature Measurements

Tracking body temperature is crucial for various reasons: Health Monitoring: A higher temperature (fever) often indicates an underlying infection or illness, allowing for timely medical intervention and treatment. Disease Detection: Changes in body temperature can be indicative of certain diseases and conditions, aiding in early detection and diagnosis. Medical Diagnosis: Hospitals and healthcare professionals rely on temperature measurement as a diagnostic tool for assessing patient health and guiding treatment decisions. Treatment Monitoring: Tracking temperature helps monitor the effectiveness of treatments and interventions, ensuring progress or necessitating adjustments. Daily Health: Regular temperature measurement can provide insights into overall health trends and help individuals identify anomalies or potential health issues. In summary, body temperature tracking is a fundamental aspect of healthcare, aiding in the identification of illnesses, guiding medical decisions, and promoting overall well-being.

Bone Health

Bone health refers to the strength, density, and metabolic activity of the skeleton. Bones are living tissues that constantly undergo remodeling, a process where old bone is broken down and new bone is formed. This cycle maintains skeletal strength, repairs microscopic damage, and helps regulate essential minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. When the balance between bone formation and bone breakdown becomes disrupted, it can lead to conditions such as osteopenia, osteoporosis, fractures, or metabolic bone disorders. Laboratory tests known as bone health biomarkers help measure these processes and provide insight into how actively bone tissue is being formed and resorbed. These biomarkers are often referred to as bone turnover markers, because they reflect the rate at which bone is continuously renewed. What Are Bone Turnover Markers? Bone turnover markers are laboratory biomarkers that measure the biological activity of bone remodeling. They provide information about how quickly bone tissue is being broken down and rebuilt.

Borreliosis

Understanding the Borreliosis Biomarker Category: Insights into Lyme Disease and Related Tick-Borne Infections The biomarker category "Borreliosis" encompasses a range of biomarkers used in diagnosing Lyme disease and other infections caused by Borrelia species. Lyme disease, the most common form of borreliosis, is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted through tick bites. Due to the complexity of Borrelia infections, clinicians use multiple biomarkers—including Borrelia WB IgM, Borrelia WB IgG, and P100—to identify the presence and stage of the disease. Together, these biomarkers provide a layered view of the immune response to Borrelia infection, helping determine whether an infection is recent, persistent, or past. Key Borreliosis Biomarkers: Borrelia WB IgM, Borrelia WB IgG, and P100 In the borreliosis category, Borrelia WB IgM, Borrelia WB IgG, and P100 are essential markers. Each reflects different stages and characteristics of the immune response to Borrelia infection: Borrelia WB IgM: This marker is produced early in infection, typically within 1-2 weeks post-exposure.

BORRELIOSIS - Lyme Disease

BORRELIOSIS- Relapsing Fever Borrelia

Boston Heart Cholesterol Balance Test

The Boston Heart Cholesterol Balance® test directly measures key cholesterol production and absorption markers associated with circulating total cholesterol (TC) by analyzing lathosterol, desmosterol, beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and cholestanol. In vivo, approximately 80% of cholesterol production occurs through a major pathway measured by the precursor lathosterol, while the remaining 20% is measured via desmosterol. Additionally, over 90% of beta-sitosterol and campesterol (plant sterols) are absorbed into intestinal cells, making them excellent indicators of cholesterol absorption. These markers of cholesterol production and absorption can be directly measured in plasma or serum and are predictive of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) response to statins and ezetimibe. A third absorption marker, cholestanol, is also measured, indicating the conversion of cholesterol to the bile acid chenodoxycholate.

Boston Heart HDL Map Test

OVERVIEW OF THE HDL MAP Standard HDL-C tests only measure the total amount of HDL-C contained by all HDL particles. Boston Heart’s exclusive HDL Map test measures the amount of apoA-I in the five most significant subpopulations, resulting in a deeper understanding of a patient’s CVD risk. This exclusive method provides an accurate and consistent indication of reverse cholesterol transport by separating the larger, cardioprotective particles (α-1) most associated with decreased CVD risk from the smaller HDL particles which have been associated with increased risk. The Boston Heart HDL Map® test assesses the five key HDL subpopulations linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk through a unique gel electrophoresis technique. This method measures the amount of apoA-I protein in each of the five HDL subclasses, offering precise insights to identify patients at higher risk of CVD. A low α-1 level is a critical indicator of recurrent CVD events.

Brain Health

The Brain Health category includes biomarkers that assess neurological function, neuronal integrity, cognitive health, and the biological risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, and related conditions. These biomarkers serve both diagnostic and monitoring roles. Clinical tests such as p-tau217, amyloid beta, neurofilament light (NfL), and APOE genotype help identify Alzheimer's-related pathology, differentiate causes of cognitive decline, assess disease risk, and support decisions about further testing or treatment eligibility. Other biomarkers provide insight into broader aspects of brain health, including neuroinflammation, neuronal injury, and age-related cognitive change. Together, these tests offer a window into the biological processes occurring within the brain — often years before significant symptoms appear.

Breath test (Trio-Smart)

Trio-smart is an advanced breath testing method used for diagnosing various conditions such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), intestinal methanogen overgrowth (IMO), and excessive hydrogen production. This comprehensive breath test assesses the levels of hydrogen, methane, and hydrogen sulfide in a patient's breath, aiding healthcare providers in making accurate diagnoses and determining appropriate treatment plans. Trio-smart's precise measurements of these gases provide valuable insights into gastrointestinal health, allowing for targeted and effective management strategies tailored to the patient's specific needs.