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Optimal range: 0 - 0.5 nmol/mg Creatinine
Phenylpropionylglycine is an acyl glycine. Acyl glycines are normally minor metabolites of fatty acids. However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. In certain cases the measurement of these metabolites in body fluids can be used to diagnose disorders associated with mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acyl glycines are produced through the action of glycine N-acyltransferase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine < -- > CoA + N-acylglycine.
Optimal range: 0 - 0.001 Units
Two types of antibodies are detected in the Western blot test.
This particular marker is called 30 KD (IGG) Band and hence is a IgG antibody marker. IgG antibodies are a sign of an older infection. In contrast, IgM antibodies reflect a relatively recent infection.
IgM antibodies usually disappear after eight weeks post-exposure.
IgG remains in the serum for a very long time.
Optimal range: 8 - 88 mmol/mol creatinine
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 0.001 Units
Two types of antibodies are detected in the Western blot test.
This particular marker is called 39 KD (IGG) Band and hence is a IgG antibody marker. IgG antibodies are a sign of an older infection. In contrast, IgM antibodies reflect a relatively recent infection.
IgM antibodies usually disappear after eight weeks post-exposure.
IgG remains in the serum for a very long time.
Optimal range: 0 - 0.001 Units
Two types of antibodies are detected in the Western blot test.
This particular marker is called 39 KD (IGM) and hence is a IgM antibody marker. IgM antibodies reflect a relatively recent infection. IgG antibodies in contrast are a sign of an older infection.
Optimal range: 0.67 - 2.03 µg/g creatinine
3a-Dihydroprogesterone (3a-DHP), also known as 3a-hydroxyprogesterone, is an endogenous neurosteroid. It is biosynthesized by 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from progesterone. 3a-DHP has been found to act as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor and is described as being as active as allopregnanolone in regard to this action. In accordance, it has anxiolytic effects in animals. 3a-DHP has also been found to inhibit the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the rat pituitary gland, demonstrating possible antigonadotrophic properties.
Optimal range: 0.19 - 0.77 ug/g
3a-Dihydroprogesterone (3a-DHP), also known as 3a-hydroxyprogesterone, is an endogenous neurosteroid. It is biosynthesized by 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from progesterone. 3a-DHP has been found to act as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor and is described as being as active as allopregnanolone in regard to this action. In accordance, it has anxiolytic effects in animals. 3a-DHP has also been found to inhibit the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the rat pituitary gland, demonstrating possible antigonadotrophic properties.
Optimal range: 0 - 0 mmol/mol creatinine
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 0 mmol/mol creatinine
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 0 mmol/mol creatinine
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 1 mmol/mol creatinine
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 74.88 mmol/mol
4-Cresol has been used as a specific marker for Clostridium difficile.
Optimal range: 0 - 75 mmol/mol creatinine
4-Cresol has been used as a specific marker for Clostridium difficile.
Optimal range: 0 - 39 mmol/mol creatinine
4-Cresol has been used as a specific marker for Clostridium difficile.
Optimal range: 0 - 84 mmol/mol creatinine
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 3 mmol/mol creatinine
4-hydroxyphenyllactate is present in relatively higher concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid and urine of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and tyrosinemia.
Optimal range: 0 - 1.3 mmol/mol creatinine
4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid is a marker for intestinal dysbiosis.
Optimal range: 0 - 0.73 mmol/mol creatinine
4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid is a marker for intestinal dysbiosis.
Optimal range: 0 - 3 mmol/mol creatinine
4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid is a marker for intestinal dysbiosis.
