The relationship of the cortisol metabolites (5-alpha THF + THF) to cortisone metabolite (THE) is another tool in the assessment of the dominance of active cortisol or inactive cortisone.

The 5A-THF/5B-THF ratio is a calculation used to show the preference of 5-alpha reductase activity to 5-beta reductase activity. While research is limited in the significance of 5-alpha or 5-beta reductase activity in the glucocorticoids, it can serve as an additional screening tool for overall preference for 5-alpha or 5-beta reductase activity within the androgen and progesterone pathways.

5b-Androstanediol is a testosterone metabolite that is less androgenic than 5a-DHT and 5a-Androstanediol. It is metabolized via the 5-beta metabolic pathway. In contrast, the 5-alpha metabolism makes androgens more potent (= increased 5α-reductase activity).

5b-Androstanediol is a testosterone metabolite that is less androgenic than 5a-DHT and 5a-Androstanediol. It is metabolized via the 5-beta metabolic pathway. In contrast, the 5-alpha metabolism makes androgens more potent (= increased 5α-reductase activity).

5B-AD is the result of 5-beta reduction of DHT as well as a metabolite of etiocholanolone.

The most important progesterone metabolite, pregnanediol (PDL), can serve as a urinary marker for endogenous progesterone levels and as an indicator of ovulation. PDL exists as two isomers, 5α-pregnanediol and 5β-pregnanediol. 5β-pregnanediol represents the majority end point of endogenous progesterone metabolism and appears to have little activity within the body, while 5α-pregnanediol, the lesser metabolite of PDL, can cross the blood brain barrier and may partially agonize GABA-A receptors.

5B-PD is the major progesterone metabolite.

Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum following ovulation and to a lesser extent by the adrenal glands in both sexes. While found in the urine in small amounts, progesterone can be seen as a clinical marker of luteul activity and theraputic oral progesterone administration.

The most important progesterone metabolite, pregnanediol (PDL), can serve as a urinary marker for endogenous progesterone levels and as an indicator of ovulation. PDL exists as two isomers, 5α-pregnanediol and 5β-pregnanediol. 5β-pregnanediol represents the majority end point of endogenous progesterone metabolism and appears to have little activity within the body, while 5α-pregnanediol, the lesser metabolite of PDL, can cross the blood brain barrier and may partially agonize GABA-A receptors.

5B-THB is a terminal metabolite of corticosterone. This metabolite in combination with other terminal metabolites can be used to estimate metabolism of corticosterone. While research in elevations or low levels of single terminal metabolites is limited, assessing metabolism may provide valuable information about enzyme activity.

5B-THF is a terminal metabolite of cortisol metabolized via 5-beta reductase. This metabolite along with the other terminal metabolites can be used to determine metabolized cortisol.