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Reference range: No Growth, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+
Klebsiella spp. are gram-negative bacilli belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and closely related to the genera Enterobacter and Serratia. Klebsiella spp. are considered dysbiotic in the amount of 3 - 4 +. Klebsiella spp. are widely distributed in nature and in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. In humans, they may colonize the skin, oral cavity, pharynx, or gastrointestinal tract. Regarded as normal flora in many parts of the colon, intestinal tract and biliary tract, the gut is the main reservoir of opportunistic strains.
This bacteria has the potential to cause intestinal, lung, urinary tract, and wound infections, but overgrowth of Klebsiella spp. is commonly asymptomatic.
Optimal range: 0 - 2.5 Units
Gram-negative bacteria in the Proteobacteria phylum. Common residents of the oral cavity and respiratory tract. May cause diarrhea, gas, abdominal pain, and bloating; Common after long-term antibiotic use; May release histamine in the gut; High levels may indicate increased intestinal inflammatory activity.
Optimal range: 0 - 50000 Units
Gram-negative bacteria in the Proteobacteria phylum. Common residents of the oral cavity and respiratory tract. May cause diarrhea, gas, abdominal pain, and bloating; Common after long-term antibiotic use; May release histamine in the gut; High levels may indicate increased intestinal inflammatory activity.
Optimal range: 0 - 5 x10^5 CFU/g
Klebsiella spp. are gram-negative bacilli belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and closely related to the genera Enterobacter and Serratia. Klebsiella spp. are considered dysbiotic in the amount of 3 - 4 +. Klebsiella spp. are widely distributed in nature and in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. In humans, they may colonize the skin, oral cavity, pharynx, or gastrointestinal tract. Regarded as normal flora in many parts of the colon, intestinal tract and biliary tract, the gut is the main reservoir of opportunistic strains.
This bacteria has the potential to cause intestinal, lung, urinary tract, and wound infections, but overgrowth of Klebsiella spp. is commonly asymptomatic.
Reference range: Normal, Abnormal
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gut bacterium that can enter the urinary tract and cause an infection. Finding it in a urine culture is common, and in most cases the resulting urinary tract infection is treatable with antibiotics. What the result means depends on three things read together: how much grew, reported as a colony count in CFU/mL; whether you have urinary symptoms like burning, urgency, or needing to go often; and how the sample was collected, since bacteria from the skin can contaminate it. The familiar threshold of more than 100,000 CFU/mL supports a urinary tract infection when symptoms are present, but it is a guideline rather than a rule — a lower count can matter in someone with clear symptoms, and a high count in someone with none may represent asymptomatic bacteriuria, which is generally not treated except in specific situations such as pregnancy or certain invasive urologic procedures. The result is a prompt for your clinician to weigh those pieces, not a diagnosis on its own.
Reference range: No Growth, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+
Klebsiella spp. are gram-negative bacilli belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and closely related to the genera Enterobacter and Serratia. Klebsiella spp. are widely distributed in nature and in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. In humans, they may colonize the skin, oral cavity, pharynx, or gastrointestinal tract.
Reference range: 0 (No Presence), 1 (Low Presence), 2 (Moderate Presence), 3 (High Presence), 4 (Heavy Presence)
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 5 x10^3 CFU/g
Klebsiella are non-motile, Gramnegative rods that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiella bacteria are considered commensal but act as opportunistic bacteria in the GI tract. Klebsiellais a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections.
Klebsiella is part of the normal intestinal flora. The environment likely acts as a reservoir for human acquisition, either as colonization or infection. It is frequently found in water, sewage, soil, and plant surfaces.
Optimal range: 0 - 5 x10^3 CFU/g
Klebsiella are non-motile, Gramnegative rods that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiella bacteria are considered commensal but act as opportunistic bacteria in the GI tract. Klebsiellais a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections.
Klebsiella is part of the normal intestinal flora. The environment likely acts as a reservoir for human acquisition, either as colonization or infection. It is frequently found in water, sewage, soil, and plant surfaces.
Reference range: NG - No Growth, NP - Non-Pathogen, PP - Potential Pathogen, P - Pathogen
Klebsiella are non-motile, Gramnegative rods that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiella bacteria are considered commensal but act as opportunistic bacteria in the GI tract. Klebsiellais a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections.
Klebsiella is part of the normal intestinal flora. The environment likely acts as a reservoir for human acquisition, either as colonization or infection. It is frequently found in water, sewage, soil, and plant surfaces.
Optimal range: 0 - 5000 Units
Klebsiella species are gram-negative bacteria normally found in the intestinal tract that are associated with a wide range of small intestinal disorders including:
- alterations of motility,
- diarrhea,
- gas,
- abdominal pain,
- and bloating.
Optimal range: 0 - 0 cfu/ml
LEARN MOREReference range: Rare: 1-2 per slide, Few: 2-5 per high power field (HPF), Moderate: 5-10 per HPF, Many: >10 per HPF
The KOH Preparation for Yeast is a microscopic stool test that detects yeast organisms — including Candida species — in the gastrointestinal tract. Results are reported as Rare, Few, Moderate, or Many based on yeast seen per high power field. Moderate or many yeast may suggest intestinal yeast overgrowth or dysbiosis and should be interpreted alongside symptoms and other stool markers.
Optimal range: 0 - 0.31 Ratio
KT Ratio stands for Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio (KTR).
What is Tryptophan?
Tryptophan is involved in serotonin production and is the least abundant amino acid.
What is Kynurenine?
Kynurenine is primary breakdown product of tryptophan.
Optimal range: 0.02 - 0.1 Ratio
KT Ratio stands for Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio (KTR).
What is Tryptophan?
Tryptophan is involved in serotonin production and is the least abundant amino acid.
What is Kynurenine?
Kynurenine is primary breakdown product of tryptophan.
Optimal range: 0 - 1.5 mcg/mg creatinine
Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein.
Optimal range: 0 - 7.1 mmol/mol creatinine
Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein.
Optimal range: 0 - 2.49 ug/mg creatinine
Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein.