Progesterone (Serum)

Optimal Result: 0.3 - 50.6 nmol/L, or 0.09 - 15.91 ng/mL.

Understanding Progesterone

Progesterone is a crucial reproductive hormone responsible for preparing the uterus to receive a fertilized egg. If fertilization does not occur, progesterone levels drop, leading to the start of the menstrual cycle. After ovulation, progesterone levels rise for about five days before they begin to decline.

Progesterone During Pregnancy

During pregnancy, the placenta produces high levels of progesterone. This is particularly true in the case of multiple pregnancies, such as twins or triplets, where progesterone levels are significantly higher.

Balancing Estrogen and Progesterone

Progesterone helps balance estrogen in the body. An imbalance between these two hormones can lead to various health issues, including:

- Infertility

- Fibroids

- Ovarian cysts

- Brittle bones

- Adrenal gland cancer

Benefits of Healthy Progesterone Levels

Maintaining healthy progesterone levels is essential for several reasons:

- Balances blood sugar levels

- Promotes bone growth and density

- Improves sleep quality

- Reduces anxiety

Normal Progesterone Levels

Progesterone levels vary based on the menstrual cycle phase, pregnancy trimester, and individual differences, including gender and age.

Progesterone Reference Ranges

Menstrual Cycle Phases:

→ Follicular Phase:

  • 0.057 - 0.893 ng/mL
  • 0.18 - 2.83 nmol/L

→ Ovulation:

  • 0.121 - 12.0 ng/mL
  • 0.38 - 38.1 nmol/L

→ Luteal Phase:

  • 1.83 - 23.9 ng/mL
  • 5.82 - 76.0 nmol/L

→ Postmenopause:

  • 0 - 0.126 ng/mL
  • 0 - 0.40 nmol/L

Pregnancy Trimesters:

→ 1st Trimester:

  • 11.0 - 44.3 ng/mL
  • 34.9 - 140.2 nmol/L

→ 2nd Trimester:

  • 25.4 - 83.3 ng/mL
  • 80.5 - 264.0 nmol/L

→ 3rd Trimester:

  • 58.7 - 214 ng/mL
  • 186.5 - 678.3 nmol/L

Other Groups:

→ Young Girls (Pre-Puberty):

  • 0.1 - 0.3 ng/mL
  • 0.32 - 0.95 nmol/L

→ Menstruating Females:

  • Day 1-14:
    • <1 ng/mL
    • 0.5 - 2.3 nmol/L
  • Day 15-29:
    • 2 - 25 ng/mL
    • 6.4 - 79.5 nmol/L

→ Menopause:

  • <1 ng/mL
  • <2 nmol/L

→ Men:

  • <1 ng/mL
  • <3.2 nmol/L

Sources:

Life Extension: Progesterone Blood Test

WebMD: Progesterone

University of Rochester Medical Center: Progesterone

What does it mean if your Progesterone (Serum) result is too high?

Understanding Elevated Progesterone Levels: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Progesterone is a vital hormone in women's health, playing a significant role in regulating menstrual cycles and supporting pregnancy. However, when progesterone levels rise above normal, it can indicate various health conditions, some of which may require medical attention.

Common Causes of Elevated Progesterone Levels:

→ Pregnancy: This is the most typical natural cause of high progesterone, especially in cases of twins or triplets.

→ Hormonal Medications: The use of birth control pills containing progesterone or hormone therapy can increase levels.

→ Ovarian and Adrenal Conditions: Ovarian cysts, ovarian cancer, adrenal gland overproduction of hormones, adrenal cancer, and rare tumors in these areas can lead to elevated progesterone.

→ Molar Pregnancy: An abnormal pregnancy that can cause higher progesterone levels.

→ Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A genetic condition affecting adrenal gland function.

Symptoms to Watch For:

→ Menstrual Changes: Irregularities or alterations in the menstrual cycle.

→ Mood Fluctuations: Mood swings and depression.

→ Physical Discomfort: Fatigue, drowsiness, bloating, weight gain, headaches or migraines, and breast tenderness.

Potential Treatment Options:

→ Lifestyle Adjustments: Dietary and exercise changes may help in balancing hormone levels.

→ Medications: Hormonal treatments can be used to regulate progesterone levels, but only under medical supervision.

→ Addressing Underlying Conditions: Treating any identified ovarian or adrenal conditions.

→ Surgical Interventions: In certain cases, surgery might be required, especially for tumor removal.

→ Regular Monitoring and Support: Keeping track of hormonal levels and seeking counseling for emotional symptoms is important.

Special Consideration: Progesterone Supplementation

Elevated progesterone levels can also result from taking progesterone supplements, often prescribed for hormone replacement therapy, menstrual irregularities, or pregnancy-related issues. It's crucial to follow the guidance of a healthcare provider regarding the dosage and duration of progesterone supplementation to avoid hormonal imbalances.

Regular medical check-ups are essential when using progesterone supplements to ensure hormone levels remain within a healthy range and to adjust treatment as needed.

Key Takeaway:

Elevated progesterone is a condition that varies based on individual health and underlying causes. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment. While this overview provides general information, it should not replace professional medical advice.

What does it mean if your Progesterone (Serum) result is too low?

- Low progesterone levels may be caused by ovulation problems, not enough female hormones (hypogonadism), or miscarriage. 

- Low progesterone levels might be normal for postmenopausal women.

- Men, children, and postmenopausal women all have lower progesterone levels than women in their childbearing years. What is considered a “normal” progesterone level depends on a person’s age and gender. In women, other factors include whether you’re pregnant and where you are in your menstrual cycle. Progesterone levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle. They peak about seven days before your period. And levels can vary during a single day.

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These are the progesterone reference ranges from LabCorp in ng/mL:

Follicular phase 0.1 - 0.9

Luteal phase 1.8 - 23.9

Ovulation phase 0.1 - 12.0

Pregnant

- First trimester 11.0 - 44.3

- Second trimester 25.4 - 83.3

- Third trimester 58.7 - 214.0

Postmenopausal 0.0 - 0.1

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