HPV Genotype 18/45 refers to two high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) — HPV 18 and HPV 45 — which are grouped together because of their similar behavior and cancer-causing potential. These types are strongly associated with the development of cervical cancer and other HPV-related cancers, such as those of the anus, vagina, and throat.
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HPV 18 is the second most common high-risk HPV type after HPV 16 and is found in about 10–15% of cervical cancers.
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HPV 45 is less common but still high-risk and often included in advanced screening tests due to its link to aggressive disease.
What a Positive HPV 18/45 Result Means
A positive result for HPV Genotype 18/45 means that one of these two high-risk strains is present in your cervical cells. This does not mean you have cancer, but it indicates an increased risk of developing abnormal or precancerous changes that require follow-up.
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If your Pap smear is abnormal, your provider may recommend a colposcopy or biopsy to examine the cervix more closely.
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If your Pap is normal, you’ll typically need repeat testing in 12 months to monitor for any changes.
What a Negative HPV 18/45 Result Means
A negative result means that neither HPV 18 nor HPV 45 was detected, which is a reassuring sign and indicates a lower risk for developing HPV-related cervical cancer.
Why This Marker Matters
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Identifying HPV 18 or 45 helps stratify cancer risk, even when no cell abnormalities are present.
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It’s especially useful when used alongside HPV 16 testing and a Pap smear for more accurate risk assessment.
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Together, HPV 16, 18, and 45 account for the majority of HPV-related cervical cancers worldwide.
Test Type:
Molecular test (usually mRNA or DNA-based)
Specimen: Cervical cell sample
Used For: Early detection of high-risk HPV types linked to cervical cancer
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HPV Genotype 18,45
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