Free Testosterone in Women
Free testosterone is the unbound, biologically active form of testosterone in the bloodstream. In women, it is typically measured in picograms per deciliter (pg/dL), with a reference range of 0.7 to 2.00 pg/dL.
Significance
Free testosterone plays a vital role in women's health by contributing to:
- Muscle strength
- Bone density
- Libido regulation
Although present in much lower quantities than in men, free testosterone is essential for numerous physiological processes in women.
Measurement and Interpretation
Free testosterone levels can be assessed through several methods:
- Equilibrium dialysis – the gold standard for accuracy.
- Calculation – derived from total testosterone and SHBG using mass action equations.
- Free Androgen Index (FAI) – an alternative estimate.
Direct radioimmunoassay (RIA) methods are less accurate and reliable for women, making equilibrium dialysis or calculated methods the preferred options.
Clinical Relevance
Abnormal free testosterone levels may indicate underlying health conditions:
- Elevated levels: Potentially linked to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or other androgen excess disorders.
- Low levels: Associated with androgen deficiency, which can affect overall well-being and sexual function.
Accurate measurement of free testosterone is essential for the diagnosis and management of these conditions, ensuring effective treatment and better health outcomes.
What does it mean if your Free Testosterone (female) result is too high?
Elevated Free Testosterone in Women: Causes, Effects, and Management
What Elevated Levels Indicate
High free testosterone levels in women may point to androgen excess, which can result from several underlying conditions or factors, including:
-
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- The most common cause of elevated testosterone in women, PCOS is characterized by irregular periods, ovarian cysts, and symptoms like excess hair growth (hirsutism) and acne.
-
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
- A genetic condition causing excessive androgen production by the adrenal glands.
-
Androgen-Secreting Tumors
- Rare tumors in the ovaries or adrenal glands can cause a significant increase in testosterone levels.
-
Cushing's Syndrome
- Excess cortisol production can lead to hormonal imbalances, including increased testosterone.
-
Medication or Supplement Use
- Certain anabolic steroids or testosterone supplementation can raise levels.
-
Obesity and Insulin Resistance
- Insulin resistance, often linked to obesity, can stimulate ovarian production of testosterone.
Symptoms of High Free Testosterone
Women with elevated free testosterone may experience:
- Hirsutism: Excess hair growth, especially on the face, chest, or back.
- Acne: Persistent or severe acne, particularly on the lower face and jawline.
- Menstrual Irregularities: Missed periods (amenorrhea) or infrequent cycles (oligomenorrhea).
- Hair Thinning or Balding: Male-pattern hair loss on the scalp.
- Deepened Voice and other masculinizing features (in severe cases).
What to Do About It
Managing elevated free testosterone involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause. Key steps include:
-
Consult a Healthcare Provider
- A thorough evaluation, including medical history, physical exam, and hormone testing (e.g., testosterone, DHEA-S, SHBG, and LH/FSH), is crucial.
- Imaging studies like pelvic ultrasound or adrenal CT/MRI may be needed to rule out tumors or PCOS.
-
Lifestyle Modifications
- Weight Loss: If insulin resistance or obesity is a factor, losing weight can help regulate hormones and reduce testosterone levels.
- Balanced Diet: A low-glycemic, nutrient-rich diet can improve insulin sensitivity and support hormone balance.
- Regular Exercise: Strength and cardiovascular training can help regulate hormones and improve metabolic health.
-
Medications and Treatments
- Oral Contraceptives: Birth control pills containing estrogen and progestin can lower testosterone levels and regulate cycles.
- Anti-Androgens: Medications like spironolactone or finasteride block testosterone's effects, reducing symptoms like hirsutism and acne.
- Metformin: Often prescribed for PCOS, it improves insulin sensitivity and can help lower testosterone levels.
-
Treat Underlying Conditions
- If PCOS is diagnosed, a combination of lifestyle changes and medications may be recommended.
- For adrenal or ovarian tumors, surgical removal may be necessary.
-
Cosmetic Treatments for Symptoms
- Hair Removal: Laser therapy or electrolysis for unwanted hair.
- Dermatological Treatments: For acne and other skin-related symptoms.
All Your Lab Results.
One Simple Dashboard.
Import, Track, and Share Your Lab Results Easily
Import, Track, and Share Your Lab Results
Import lab results from multiple providers, track changes over time, customize your reference ranges, and get clear explanations for each result. Everything is stored securely, exportable in one organized file, and shareable with your doctor—or anyone you choose.
Cancel or upgrade anytime
What does it mean if your Free Testosterone (female) result is too low?
Decreased Free Testosterone in Women: Causes, Effects, and Management
What Decreased Levels Signify
Low free testosterone levels in women may indicate androgen deficiency, a condition that can affect physical, emotional, and sexual health. Possible causes include:
- Age-Related Decline: Testosterone levels naturally decrease with age, particularly after menopause.
- Chronic Illness: Conditions such as kidney disease or chronic inflammatory disorders can reduce androgen levels.
- Pituitary or Adrenal Dysfunction: Issues with the glands responsible for hormone production may contribute to low testosterone.
- Surgical Menopause: Removal of the ovaries significantly lowers testosterone production.
- Medications: Certain drugs, such as oral contraceptives or glucocorticoids, can suppress testosterone levels.
Symptoms of Low Free Testosterone
Women with low free testosterone may experience:
- Reduced muscle mass and strength
- Decreased bone density, increasing fracture risk
- Fatigue and low energy
- Low libido or sexual dysfunction
- Depressed mood or decreased sense of well-being
What to Do About It
Addressing decreased free testosterone levels involves identifying the underlying cause and exploring treatment options. Here's what to consider:
-
Consult a Healthcare Provider
- A detailed evaluation, including medical history, physical exam, and comprehensive hormone testing, is essential to identify the cause.
- Conditions like pituitary dysfunction or adrenal insufficiency may require specific treatments.
-
Lifestyle Adjustments
- Exercise: Strength training and regular physical activity can naturally boost androgen levels and improve overall well-being.
- Diet: A nutrient-rich diet with adequate protein, healthy fats, and vitamins like D and zinc supports hormone production.
- Stress Management: Chronic stress can suppress hormone levels, so incorporating relaxation techniques like yoga or meditation is beneficial.
-
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- Testosterone Replacement: Low-dose testosterone therapy may be prescribed under medical supervision to alleviate symptoms.
- Combined estrogen and testosterone therapy might be considered for postmenopausal women, depending on individual needs.
-
Address Underlying Health Issues
- Treating contributing conditions (e.g., optimizing thyroid function, managing chronic illnesses) can help restore balance.
-
Review Medications
- If current medications are suppressing testosterone, discuss alternative options with your doctor.
Laboratories
Bring All Your Lab Results Together — In One Place
We accept reports from any lab, so you can easily collect and organize all your health information in one secure spot.
Pricing Table
Gather Your Lab History — and Finally Make Sense of It
Finally, Your Lab Results Organized and Clear
Personal plans
$79/ year
Advanced Plan
Access your lab reports, explanations, and tracking tools.
- Import lab results from any provider
- Track all results with visual tools
- Customize your reference ranges
- Export your full lab history anytime
- Share results securely with anyone
- Receive 5 reports entered for you
- Cancel or upgrade anytime
$250/ once
Unlimited Account
Pay once, access everything—no monthly fees, no limits.
- Import lab results from any provider
- Track all results with visual tools
- Customize your reference ranges
- Export your full lab history anytime
- Share results securely with anyone
- Receive 10 reports entered for you
- No subscriptions. No extra fees.
$45/ month
Pro Monthly
Designed for professionals managing their clients' lab reports
- Import lab results from any provider
- Track lab results for multiple clients
- Customize reference ranges per client
- Export lab histories and reports
- Begin with first report entered by us
- Cancel or upgrade anytime
About membership
What's included in a Healthmatters membership
Import Lab Results from Any Source
See Your Health Timeline
Understand What Your Results Mean
Visualize Your Results
Data Entry Service for Your Reports
Securely Share With Anyone You Trust
Let Your Lab Results Tell the Full Story
Once your results are in one place, see the bigger picture — track trends over time, compare data side by side, export your full history, and share securely with anyone you trust.
Bring all your results together to compare, track progress, export your history, and share securely.
What Healthmatters Members Are Saying
Frequently asked questions
Healthmatters is a personal health dashboard that helps you organize and understand your lab results. It collects and displays your medical test data from any lab in one secure, easy-to-use platform.
- Individuals who want to track and understand their health over time.
- Health professionals, such as doctors, nutritionists, and wellness coaches, need to manage and interpret lab data for their clients.
With a Healthmatters account, you can:
- Upload lab reports from any lab
- View your data in interactive graphs, tables, and timelines
- Track trends and monitor changes over time
- Customize your reference ranges
- Export and share your full lab history
- Access your results anytime, from any device
Professionals can also analyze client data more efficiently and save time managing lab reports.
Healthmatters.io personal account provides in-depth research on 10000+ biomarkers, including information and suggestions for test panels such as, but not limited to:
- The GI Effects® Comprehensive Stool Profile,
- GI-MAP,
- The NutrEval FMV®,
- The ION Profile,
- Amino Acids Profile,
- Dried Urine Test for Comprehensive Hormones (DUTCH),
- Organic Acids Test,
- Organix Comprehensive Profile,
- Toxic Metals,
- Complete Blood Count (CBC),
- Metabolic panel,
- Thyroid panel,
- Lipid Panel,
- Urinalysis,
- And many, many more.
You can combine all test reports inside your Healthmatters account and keep them in one place. It gives you an excellent overview of all your health data. Once you retest, you can add new results and compare them.
If you are still determining whether Healthmatters support your lab results, the rule is that if you can test it, you can upload it to Healthmatters.
We implement proven measures to keep your data safe.
At HealthMatters, we're committed to maintaining the security and confidentiality of your personal information. We've put industry-leading security standards in place to help protect against the loss, misuse, or alteration of the information under our control. We use procedural, physical, and electronic security methods designed to prevent unauthorized people from getting access to this information. Our internal code of conduct adds additional privacy protection. All data is backed up multiple times a day and encrypted using SSL certificates. See our Privacy Policy for more details.