F2-Isoprostane, prostaglandin-like compounds formed from the free radical-mediated oxidation of arachidonic acid, are the ‘gold standard’ for measuring oxidative stress in the body.
F2-Isoprostane also have potent biological effects associated with inflammation and therefore may mediate chronic disease initiation and progression.
Additionally, F2-Isoprostane may also act as potent vasoconstrictors via thromboxane formation in the endothelium and promote platelet activation resulting in thrombus formation.
The F2-Isoprostane test may be performed on individuals at risk of future cardiovascular disease due to lifestyle risks, or those with a family history of cardiovascular disease.
Testing of F2 -Isoprostanes is determined by an individual’s medical history, but may be performed semi-annually or annually as necessary. If the initial test result is abnormal, then follow-up testing may be performed within 3-6 months following treatment.
References:
- Morrow JD et al. Quantification of Isoprostanes as Indices of oxidant Stress and the Risk of Atherosclerosis in Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005;25:279-286.
- Morrow JD et al. The F2-isoprostane, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha, a potent agonist of the vascular thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor, is a platelet thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor antagonist. Prostaglandins. 1992; 44: 155-163.
- Minuz P et al. The F2-isoprostane 8-epiprostaglandin F2alpha increases platelet adhesion and reduces the antiadhesive and antiaggregatory effects of NO. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998; 18: 1248-1256.
- Schwedhelm E et al. Urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha as a risk marker in patients with coronary heart disease: A matched case-control study. Circulation. 2004; 109: 843-848.
- Rossner P Jr et al. Relationship between urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane and 8-oxodeoxyguanosine levels and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006; 15: 639-644.
- Epplein M et al. Association of plasma micronutrientlevelsandurinaryisoprostanewithriskoflungcancer:Themultiethniccohortstudy.CancerEpidemiolBiomarkersPrev.2009;18:1962-1970.
- MorrowJDetal.Increaseincirculatingproducts of lipid peroxidation (F2-Isoprostanes) in smokers. Smoking as a cause of oxidative damage. N Engl J Med. 1995; 332: 1198-1203.
- Tappel A. Heme of consumed red meat can act as a catalyst of oxidative damage and could initiate colon, breast and prostate cancers, heart disease and other diseases. Med Hypotheses.2007; 68: 562-564.
- Keaney JF et al. Obesity and Systemic Oxidative Stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:434-439.
- Davi G et al. Platelet activation in obese women: role of inflammation and oxidant stress. JAMA. 2002;288(16):2008-14.
- Shi M et al. Effects of anaerobic exercise and aerobic exercise on biomarkers of oxidative stress. Environ Health Prev Med. 2007;
- 202-208. 12. Nikolaidis MG et al. F2-Isoprostane formation, measurement and interpretation: The role of exercise. Prog in Lipid Res. 2010;50:89-103.
- Watson TA et al. Antioxidant Restriction and Oxidative Stress in Short Duration Exhaustive Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005; 37(1):63-71.
- Mas E et al. The omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA decrease plasma F2-Isoprostanes: Results from two placebo-controlled interventions. Free Radical Research. 2010;44(9):983-90.
- Minuz P et al. The F2-Isoprostane 8-Epiprostaglandin F2α Increases Platelet Adhesion and Reduces the Antiadhesive and Antiaggregatory Effects of NO. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998;18:1248-1256.
F2-Isoprostane
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