Bone Isoenzymes

Optimal Result: 28 - 66 %.

Bone isoenzymes, specifically bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), are important biomarkers used to assess bone metabolism and turnover. These enzymes play a crucial role in bone formation and mineralization processes.

Characteristics and Function

Bone isoenzymes are a subset of alkaline phosphatases (ALP), which are hydrolytic enzymes that function in an alkaline environment. They are primarily produced by osteoblasts, the cells responsible for bone formation, and are present in the plasma membrane of these cells. The main function of bone isoenzymes is to hydrolyze phosphates, which are then used in the formation of proteins, nucleotides, and the mineralization of bone.

Clinical Significance

Bone Turnover Marker

Bone isoenzymes, particularly BSAP, serve as indicators of bone turnover and mineralization. Elevated levels of these enzymes in the blood can signify increased osteoblastic activity, which may occur during normal bone growth, fracture healing, or in certain bone disorders.

Fracture Healing

In the context of fracture healing, bone isoenzymes play an integral role. During the process of bone repair, osteoblasts produce these enzymes as they lay down new bone matrix. Monitoring the levels of bone isoenzymes can provide valuable information about the progress of fracture union.

Bone Disorders

Abnormal levels of bone isoenzymes can be indicative of various bone disorders. For instance, elevated levels are associated with conditions such as Paget's disease, metastasis of cancer to the bone, and acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Measurement and Interpretation

Bone isoenzymes can be measured in serum samples. However, it's important to note that other tissues, particularly the liver, also produce alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. Therefore, specialized techniques are often employed to distinguish bone isoenzymes from other ALP isoenzymes.

Interpretation Considerations

When interpreting bone isoenzyme levels, it's crucial to consider other factors that may influence the results. For example, thyrotropic hormones can affect bone isoenzyme levels in relation to bone density management. Additionally, there's an inverse association between bone isoenzymes and the efficiency of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which has implications for various metabolic processes.In conclusion, bone isoenzymes serve as valuable biomarkers in assessing bone metabolism, fracture healing, and various bone disorders. Their measurement and interpretation require careful consideration of multiple factors to ensure accurate clinical assessment.

What does it mean if your Bone Isoenzymes result is too low?

A low level of bone alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) can indicate several conditions:

  1. Hypophosphatasia: This is a rare genetic disorder characterized by defective bone and tooth mineralization due to mutations in the ALPL gene, which encodes the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase enzyme.
  2. Hypothyroidism: Low thyroid hormone levels can lead to decreased bone turnover and reduced BSAP activity.
  3. Malnutrition: Inadequate nutrition, particularly protein deficiency, can result in lowered BSAP levels.
  4. Zinc deficiency: Zinc is an essential cofactor for alkaline phosphatase enzymes, and its deficiency can lead to reduced BSAP activity. Check your zinc levels!
  5. Pernicious anemia: This condition, characterized by vitamin B12 deficiency, can affect bone metabolism and result in lower BSAP levels. Check your B12 levels!
  6. Wilson's disease: A rare genetic disorder of copper metabolism that can affect various organs, including the liver and bones, potentially leading to decreased BSAP levels.

It's important to note that low BSAP levels should be interpreted in the context of other clinical findings and laboratory tests. In some cases, low levels may indicate decreased bone turnover or reduced osteoblastic activity. However, the specific cause of low BSAP levels can only be determined through a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional, considering the patient's overall health status, symptoms, and other relevant factors.

Frequently asked questions

Unlock Your Health Journey with Healthmatters.io! Ever wished for a one-stop digital health haven for all your lab tests? Look no further! Healthmatters.io is your personalized health dashboard, bringing together test reports from any lab. Say goodbye to scattered results—organize and centralize your lab data effortlessly. Dive into the details of each biomarker and gain insights into the meaning behind your medical test data.

Join the community of thousands who've transformed the way they understand their lab results. Experience the joy of having all your lab data neatly organized, regardless of where or when the tests were done.

For our professional users, Healthmatters.io is a game-changer. Revel in the intuitive tools that not only streamline analysis but also save valuable time when delving into your client's lab report history. It's not just a dashboard; it's your gateway to a smarter, more informed health journey!

Healthmatters.io personal account provides in-depth research on 4000+ biomarkers, including information and suggestions for test panels such as, but not limited to:

  • The GI Effects® Comprehensive Stool Profile,
  • GI-MAP,
  • The NutrEval FMV®,
  • The ION Profile,
  • Amino Acids Profile,
  • Dried Urine Test for Comprehensive Hormones (DUTCH),
  • Organic Acids Test,
  • Organix Comprehensive Profile,
  • Toxic Metals,
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC),
  • Metabolic panel,
  • Thyroid panel,
  • Lipid Panel,
  • Urinalysis,
  • And many, many more.

You can combine all test reports inside your Healthmatters account and keep them in one place. It gives you an excellent overview of all your health data. Once you retest, you can add new results and compare them.

If you are still determining whether Healthmatters support your lab results, the rule is that if you can test it, you can upload it to Healthmatters.

While we do talk about popular labs, we welcome reports from lots of other places too. It's as simple as this: if you can get a test done, you can upload it to Healthmatters. We can interpret results from any lab out there. If laboratories can analyze it, we can interpret it.

Still on the hunt for a specific biomarker? Just tell us, and we'll add it to our database. Anything from blood, urine, saliva, or stool can be uploaded, understood, and tracked with your Healthmatters account!

There are two ways to add your test reports to your healthmatters.io account. One option is to input the data using the data entry forms. The other method is to utilize our "Data entry service."

Our data entry forms offer an easy, fast, and free way for you to input the reports yourself. Self-entry allows you to add an unlimited number of reports at no cost. We make the self-entry process user-friendly, providing dozens of templates that pre-populate the most popular laboratory panels and offering instant feedback on entered values.

For those who prefer assistance, we offer a "Data entry service" to help you input your data. Simply attach an image or file of your lab test results, and a qualified team member from our data entry team will add the results for you. We support various file types, including PDFs, JPGs, or Excel. This service is particularly useful if you have many reports to upload or if you're too busy to handle the data entry yourself.

Our special data entry service makes it easy to add your results to your private dashboard. Just attach an image or a file of your lab test results, and our skilled data entry team will do the work for you. It's all done by humans, ensuring that your data is entered accurately and with personal care for each client.

Depending on your account, the data entry service can be included for free or come at an additional cost of $15 per report.

For users on the Complete monthly plan, the first report is entered free of charge, and each additional report incurs a fee of $15.

Unlimited account holders enjoy the entry of ten reports without charge. Subsequent reports are subject to a $15 fee per report.

Additionally, users on the Complete plan can upgrade to a yearly subscription from the account settings. The annual subscription includes a data entry service for five reports.

The Unlimited plan is a one-time purchase for $250, and it covers your account for a lifetime with no additional payments.

For the Complete plan, the cost is $15 per month. You have the flexibility to cancel it anytime through your account settings, ensuring no further payments. To avoid charges, remember to cancel at least a day before the renewal date. Once canceled, the subscription remains active until the end of the current billing cycle.

Additionally, you can upgrade to the yearly Advanced plan from within your account. The annual cost is $79, and it comes with a data entry service for five reports.

You can always upgrade to a lifetime version with a prorated price from a monthly or yearly subscription.

Simply log in and navigate to your account settings to cancel your subscription. Scroll down to locate the 'Cancel' button at the bottom of the page. Ensure you cancel at least one day before the renewal date to prevent any charges. Once cancellation is requested, the subscription remains active until the conclusion of the current billing cycle.

Unlocking the insights from your lab tests has never been this intuitive! We've crafted multiple ways for you to navigate your data, whether you're glancing at a single report or delving into a treasure trove of testing data.

1. Graph View:

Dive into a visual journey with our biomarker graphs, showcasing over 40 data points. Combining years of results unveils trends, empowering you to make informed decisions. Our visualization tools make it a breeze to compare and understand changes over time, even if your results are from different labs. A search function and filters simplify the exploration of extensive data, allowing you to focus on what needs attention.

2. All Tests View

Get a quick grasp of your test reports in minutes! Explore neatly organized reports on a timeline, highlighting crucial details like dates, critical results, and lab/panel names. Each report opens up to reveal in-depth descriptions and additional recommendations for each biomarker. The history of previous results is just a click away, and you can download a comprehensive report for deeper insights. Color-coded and user-friendly, it's designed for easy reading, understanding, and navigation.

3. Table View:

For a holistic view of all biomarkers side by side, our table view is your go-to. Results are neatly displayed in a categorized and dated table, ideal for those with an extensive test history. Utilize sorting, filters, and color-coding to enhance your analysis and gain extra insights.

Experience the power of clear, organized data visualization with Healthmatters.io — your key to understanding and taking charge of your health journey!

Yes, you can download information from your account. We can compile your labs into a CSV file. To download all your labs, you can go to Account Settings, and at the bottom of the page, you will find a link to download your information.

Yes, you can print your report. To do so, navigate to "All tests" and open the report you wish to print. You'll find a print button in the right corner of the report. Click on it, and your browser's print window will open. If you prefer to print in a bigger typeface, adjust the scale using the print window settings.

A personal account is all about keeping your own lab test results in check. It's just for you and your personal use.

The professional or business account is designed for health professionals who wish to track and organize their clients' laboratory results.

Use promo code to save 10% off any plan.


We implement proven measures to keep your data safe.

At HealthMatters, we're committed to maintaining the security and confidentiality of your personal information. We've put industry-leading security standards in place to help protect against the loss, misuse, or alteration of the information under our control. We use procedural, physical, and electronic security methods designed to prevent unauthorized people from getting access to this information. Our internal code of conduct adds additional privacy protection. All data is backed up multiple times a day and encrypted using SSL certificates. See our Privacy Policy for more details.