Bacteroides vulgatus is among the most commonly isolated microbes from the human gastrointestinal tract, and it has been found to constitute part of the core gut microbiota in healthy humans. Bacteroides vulgatus is generally considered to be a beneficial gut commensal, but studies also suggest that important intraspecies variations may exist, with specific strains of B. vulgatus shown to be capable of promoting or protecting against colitis. B. vulgatus is also an occasional opportunistic pathogen, and consistent with this it is capable of attaching to and invading colonic epithelial cells and of inducing proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, Bacteroides vulgatus can bind to host structural factors, and strains isolated from subjects with ulcerative colitis show increased adhesion to tissue-cultured cells in comparison to that of strains isolated from healthy subjects.
References:
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20203603
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19601958
- https://iai.asm.org/content/75/7/3490
- https://iai.asm.org/content/67/6/2969
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12851881
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19369513
What does it mean if your Bacteroides vulgatus result is too high?
High levels of B. vulgatus is a risk factor for infant celiac disease and have also been associated with Autism.
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High levels of "Bacteroides vulgatus" in the gut can signify an imbalance in the gut microbiome, a condition often referred to as dysbiosis. This imbalance can result from various factors, including a diet high in processed foods and low in fiber, excessive use of antibiotics that disrupt the gut flora, chronic stress, and underlying health conditions.
Symptoms associated with an overgrowth of Bacteroides vulgatus might include gastrointestinal issues such as bloating, gas, constipation, or diarrhea, as well as more systemic issues like fatigue, mood swings, and immune system dysregulation. Interestingly, emerging research has suggested a connection between gut microbiome composition, including levels of Bacteroides vulgatus, and neurological conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Studies have found that individuals with ASD may have distinct gut microbiota profiles, including altered levels of Bacteroides vulgatus, which could influence brain function and behavior through the gut-brain axis. This axis represents the complex communication network linking the gut and the brain, suggesting that gut health may impact neurological health and behavior.
In terms of treatment options, addressing high levels of Bacteroides vulgatus typically involves a multifaceted approach aimed at restoring gut microbiome balance. This may include dietary modifications to increase intake of fiber-rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, which support the growth of beneficial bacteria and reduce the prevalence of harmful bacteria. Probiotics and prebiotics may also be recommended to help replenish and nourish beneficial gut bacteria. Limiting the use of antibiotics to situations where they are absolutely necessary can also help prevent further disruption of the gut microbiome. For individuals with ASD, tailored interventions focusing on gut health may complement other treatment strategies to help manage symptoms, although more research is needed in this area to fully understand the implications and efficacy of such approaches. Ultimately, the goal is to achieve a balanced and diverse gut microbiome, which is crucial for overall health and well-being.
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Low levels of B. vulgatus have been associated with IBS.
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