5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furoic and Furan 2,5-dicarboxylic are byproducts of Aspergillus and other fungal species. This can indicate that Aspergillus mold from food or water damage is growing in the digestive system. Elevations in Furancarbonylglycine can also indicate mold.
These markers are important because Aspergillus produces a specific mycotoxin called aflatoxin which is a carcinogen. These mycotoxins are also damaging to the kidneys and liver.
The presence of mold can suppress immune function in the gut increasing susceptibility to other microbial overgrowths.
References:
Bennett JW, Klich M. Mycotoxins. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jul;16(3):497-516. doi: 10.1128/CMR.16.3.497-516.2003. PMID: 12857779; PMCID: PMC164220. [L]
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